Kinesiology
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11274/15832
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Browsing Kinesiology by Author "Amuta, Ann"
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Item Fraternity Personal Health, Inspiring Transformation (FRAT PHIT): Type 2 diabetes nutrition and physical activity behaviors among African American men(6/14/2022) Hunter, Byron; Amuta, AnnPurpose: African American (AA) men are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2D). Effective T2D programs are those that recognize and leverage the protective benefits of brotherhoods or peer-to-peer networks of AA men. Previous researchers have engaged AA brotherhoods in T2D interventions, yet with focuses limited to barbershops and faith-based settings. New evidence suggests the need to include AA fraternities in research studies. This cross-sectional study was a means to understand how AA fraternal brotherhoods impact T2D health outcomes among members. Methods: A total of 177 individuals met the study criteria and were included in the analysis. Participant recruitment was via social media and email contact to leaders across five AA fraternities. Multiple linear regression analyses occurred to determine the relationship between fraternity, brotherhood, T2D personal and family history, risk perception, and T2D prevention behaviors. Results: The majority of the participants were not diagnosed with T2D (n = 161, 91.0%). The mean daily fruit and vegetable consumption was 14.06 (SD = 8.59) servings; and the mean weekly physical activity time was 218.34 (SD = 176.08) minutes. Brotherhood did not emerge as a significant factor in engaging AA in T2D preventive. However, the results suggest that brotherhood is high among AA fraternity members (accountability [M = 24.75, SD = 3.77], belonging [M = 23.21, SD = 4.81], solidarity [M = 17.33, SD 3.55], and shared social experiences [M = 13.08, SD 4.49]). Conclusion: The outcomes of this study suggest that AA fraternities have strong brotherhood, have resources to support health lifestyles, and are conscientious of health behaviors necessary to prevent T2D. Health educators have an opportunity to collaborate with AA fraternities to conduct research among members and could leverage their relationships to promote health behavior change with shared populations and communities of interest.Item Multi-level influences on seafood consumption among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participants in New Orleans, Louisiana(Aug-23) Causey, Traci; Amuta, Ann; Golman, Mandy; Imrhan, VictorineSeafood is a lean, nutrient dense protein source that is recommended for weekly consumption based on the benefits for human health, yet only 10% of Americans meet the recommendation. The purpose of this study was to explore social-ecological factors associated with seafood consumption among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants in New Orleans, Louisiana using a quantitative cross-sectional research design and survey instrument. Results showed only 50% of study participants (N = 238) consumed at least two weekly servings of seafood. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between participants’ sociodemographics characteristics, knowledge of the health and environmental benefits of seafood, social support and group norms, and the influence of policies, public health campaigns, and media and seafood consumption. Race (p = .037, OR= .371) and children in household (p = .007, OR = .565) were statistically significant sociodemographic characteristics. Relative to the participants’ knowledge of the health and environmental benefits of seafood, the model was not statistically significant, χ2(1) = .000, p = 1.00, Nagelkerke R2 = .000. Families that consume seafood (p < .001, OR = 3.694) and local New Orleans culture (p = .008, OR = 1.962) were significant intrapersonal predictors. At the societal level, the significant predictors included awareness of seafood-related policies and messaging through Eat Fit Nola (p < .001) and an unawareness through LiveWell Louisiana (p = .030), SNAP-Ed (p = .005), family/friends (p = .015), and social media (p = .039). Crosstabulations using Pearson’s chi-square and Cramer’s V tests were conducted to examine participants’ perceptions relative to 15 statements and the influence of accessibility, availability, and cost and seafood consumption. There was a significant relationship between the statement “I worry about mercury when eating seafood” and seafood consumption, χ2(1) = 6.183, p = .013, Cramer’s V = .191 and seafood consumption. There was no statistically significant relationship between all other factors. Based on the findings from this study, comprehensive health promotion and education is needed to address low levels of seafood consumption among SNAP participants. Further exploration is needed to understand the potential role of family engagement to increase seafood consumption.Item Self-efficacy, barriers, and opportunities: Examining the delivery of asthma education among U.S. primary care physician assistants(May-23) Greenlee, Quanté Lamont 1982-; Amuta, Ann; Amuta, Ann; Amuta, Ann; King, George; Amuta, Ann; Amuta, Ann; Massey-Stokes, Marilyn; Isik, ElifThe delivery of asthma education among primary care physician assistants (PAs) has not been well documented in the literature. Although researchers have mentioned PAs in previous studies, the findings were not specific to the profession. This study had a quantitative cross-sectional research design with a convenience sample representative of primary care PAs from across the United States (N = 140). The purpose of the study was to determine what PA practice characteristics (primary care discipline, clinic location, time spent with patient, and years of work experience) were predictive for the delivery of asthma education delivery. The study also sought to determine if clinical experience (years of work experience and number of asthma patients seen weekly) was predictive of asthma education self-efficacy. The survey deployed in this study was a modified version of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 2012 National Asthma Survey. Survey modifications included adding questions to focus on Component 2 (asthma education) of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program EPR-3 guidelines and removing questions on asthma treatment and monitoring. The modified 2012 NAS was an 11-item survey to collect data on clinical demographics, clinical experience, measured asthma education resources, components of asthma education delivered, barriers to asthma education, asthma education self-efficacy, and perceived patient knowledge. The participants also completed a personal demographics survey. Multiple regression was conducted to determine the relationship between PA practice characteristics and asthma education and the relationship between clinical experience and asthma education self-efficacy. Further analyses included a binomial logistic regression to examine the relationship between asthma education and barriers, chi-square goodness of fit to examine the relationship between components of asthma education, and Spearman’s Rho to examine the relationship between perceived patient knowledge and asthma education. Statistical analysis was significant for the relationship between time spent with patient and total asthma education delivered (ß = .19, p = .03), indicating that more time spent with patient increased the delivery of asthma education. Based on the negative regression coefficient, male gender (ß = -.26, p < .01) was associated with higher levels of asthma education. Chi-square goodness of fit was also statistically significant for symptom recognition education (χ2(1) = 124.46, p < .001), risk-factor avoidance education (χ2(1) = 132.11, p < .001), home and work environment (χ2(1) = 37.03, p < .001), and observation of inhaler technique (χ2(1) = 9.26, p = .002), indicating a difference between the components of asthma education delivered by primary care PAs. Asthma action plans was the only asthma education component not statistically significant (χ2(1) = 0.46, p = .499). The statistical tests examining the relationships between clinical experience and asthma education self-efficacy, asthma education and barriers, and perceived patient knowledge and asthma education had no statistically significant results. The results of this study indicate that time is a primary barrier to the delivery of asthma education among PAs. Additionally, while the results do not indicate that PAs perform asthma education at significant lower rates than other PCCs, overall self-efficacy and rates of delivery need improvement.