The growth-suppressive effects of farnesol, γ-tocotrienol, genistein, lovastatin and pomegranate extracts individually and in combinations on human prostate tumor cells

dc.contributor.advisorHsueh, Andie
dc.contributor.authorBravo, Lou
dc.contributor.committeeChairMo, Huanbiao
dc.contributor.committeeMemberGrossie, Bruce
dc.contributor.committeeMemberImrhan, Victorine
dc.date.accessioned2018-07-18T14:52:26Z
dc.date.available2018-07-18T14:52:26Z
dc.date.issued2003-12-30
dc.description.abstractEpidemiological studies indicate that a plant-based diet is associated with reduced cancer risk. The purpose of this research was to study the anti-tumor effects of farnesol, γ-tocotrienol, genistein, pomegranate extracts W (fermented pomegranate juice) and P (pomegranate peel) and the drug lovastatin on the proliferation of human DU145 and LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells and PC-3 prostate adenocarcinoma cells. These study agents except lovastatin are readily available in fruits and vegetables. Farnesol, γ-tocotrienol, genistein, W, P and lovastatin individually induced a dose-dependent suppression of the proliferation of human DU145 and PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells. Farnesol and genistein also induced a dose-dependent suppression of the proliferation of human LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells. Two-agent blends of genistein and γ-tocotrienol, lovastatin and γ-tocotrienol, and extracts W and P suppressed the growth of DU145 cells to a greater extent than the sum of their individual actions, suggesting synergy. Lovastatin at 16 μM inhibited DU145 cell growth by 18%. A two-agent blend of 4 μM lovastatin (4% growth inhibition) and 5 μM γ-tocotrienol (15% growth inhibition) inhibited cell growth by 54%, which is greater than the sum (19%) of their individual inhibitions and three times the growth inhibition (18%) achieved with 16 μM of lovastatin. A three-agent blend of genistein, γ-tocotrienol and lovastatin inhibited PC-3 cells by 83% while the sum of their individual actions totaled a 59% inhibition, again suggesting synergy in their interactions. The concentration (1.5 μM) of the lovastatin in the three-agent blend was half the concentration (3 μM) of lovastatin that individually inhibited the growth of the PC-3 cells by a lesser 75%. Genistein and γ-tocotrienol acting synergistically with lovastatin may lower the drug's effective dose thereby attenuating its associated toxicity. Lowering the effective dose of lovastatin while enhancing its chemotherapeutic potential presents a unique and innovative application to cancer chemotherapy. Additional research is needed to determine how the compounds of this study will affect the normal human prostate cells.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11274/10079
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectHealth and environmental sciencesen_US
dc.subjectPure sciencesen_US
dc.subjectBiological sciencesen_US
dc.subjectFarnesolen_US
dc.subjectGenisteinen_US
dc.subjectLovastatinen_US
dc.subjectPomegranateen_US
dc.subjectProstate tumoren_US
dc.subjectTocotrienol-gammaen_US
dc.titleThe growth-suppressive effects of farnesol, γ-tocotrienol, genistein, lovastatin and pomegranate extracts individually and in combinations on human prostate tumor cellsen_US
dc.typeDissertationen_US
thesis.degree.disciplineNutrition

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