Pretreatment fasting glucose and insulin as determinants of weight loss on diets varying in macronutrients and dietary fibers—the POUNDS LOST study

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dc.contributor.authorHjorth, Mads F.
dc.contributor.authorBray, George A.
dc.contributor.authorZohar, Yishai
dc.contributor.authorUrban, Lorien
dc.contributor.authorMiketinas, Derek C.
dc.contributor.authorWillliamson, Donald A.
dc.contributor.authorRyan, Donna H.
dc.contributor.authorRood, Jennifer
dc.contributor.authorChampagne, Catherine M.
dc.contributor.authorSacks, Frank M.
dc.contributor.authorAstrup, Arne
dc.creator.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5462-1396
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-26T21:25:12Z
dc.date.available2019-09-26T21:25:12Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionArticle originally published by Nutrients, 11(3), 586. English. Published online 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030586.
dc.description.abstractEfforts to identify a preferable diet for weight management based on macronutrient composition have largely failed, but recent evidence suggests that satiety effects of carbohydrates may depend on the individual’s insulin-mediated cellular glucose uptake. Therefore, using data from the POUNDS LOST trial, pre-treatment fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FI), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were studied as prognostic markers of long-term weight loss in four diets differing in carbohydrate, fat, and protein content, while assessing the role of dietary fiber intake. Subjects with FPG <100 mg/dL lost 2.6 (95% CI 0.9;4.4, p = 0.003) kg more on the low-fat/high-protein (n = 132) compared to the low-fat/average-protein diet (n = 136). Subjects with HOMA-IR ≥4 lost 3.6 (95% CI 0.2;7.1, p = 0.038) kg more body weight on the high-fat/high-protein (n = 35) compared to high-fat/average-protein diet (n = 33). Regardless of the randomized diet, subjects with prediabetes and FI below the median lost 5.6 kg (95% CI 0.6;10.6, p = 0.030) more when consuming ≥35 g (n = 15) compared to <35 g dietary fiber/10 MJ (n = 16). Overall, subjects with normal glycemia lost most on the low-fat/high-protein diet, subjects with high HOMA-IR lost most on the high-fat/high protein diet, and subjects with prediabetes and low FI had particular benefit from dietary fiber in the diet.en_US
dc.identifier.citationThis is the published version of an article that is available at https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030586. Recommended citation: Hjorth, M., Bray, G., Zohar, Y., Urban, L., Miketinas, D., Williamson, D., Ryan, D., Rood, J., Champagne, C., Sacks, F., & Astrup, A. (2019). Pretreatment fasting glucose and insulin as determinants of weight loss on diets varying in macronutrients and dietary fibers—the POUNDS LOST study. Nutrients, 11(3), 586. This item has been deposited in accordance with publisher copyright and licensing terms and with the author’s permission.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030586
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11274/11830
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rights.licenseCC-BY 4.0
dc.subjectGlucoseen_US
dc.subjectInsulinen_US
dc.subjectWeighten_US
dc.subjectDieten_US
dc.subjectMacronutrient compositionen_US
dc.subjectClinical nutritionen_US
dc.titlePretreatment fasting glucose and insulin as determinants of weight loss on diets varying in macronutrients and dietary fibers—the POUNDS LOST studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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